Why Using Delaware’s Native Plants During Drought may be the Natural Choice

By Anitra Johnson, The News Journal

Delaware is experiencing a drought, with the entire state classified in severe drought conditions, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor.

“Organic architecture” comprised of living plants is used to organize the living spaces of the Darke-Zoehrer garden. A sweep of eastern North American native Forthergilla shrubs turns brilliant red-orange in fall. Courtesy of Rick Darke.

Gov. John Carney declared a drought watch on Oct. 25 encouraging residents to voluntarily reduce their outdoor water usage. As autumn sets in, most plants in the region stop growing in preparation for winter dormancy. Despite this, some homeowners may still feel compelled to keep watering their lawns and using synthetic fertilizers and chemical pesticides to maintain a lush appearance.

Environmental experts advocate for a shift toward sustainable landscaping, emphasizing the benefits of native plants as an alternative to traditional grass lawns.

They say regionally native plants not only support local wildlife but also create a healthier environment for residents and their communities.

Native plants can save water and be beautiful

Although many native plants are excellent for their drought resistance, some homeowners may have concerns about the diversity of native plant species, their availability and the aesthetics of their landscaping.

Kerry Wilson, Habitat Outreach Manager for The Delaware Nature Society says native plants not only offer environmental benefits but also boost vibrant seasonal colors, making them a perfect addition to any yard. Oct. 23, 2024. Provided by Kerry Wilson.
“Organic architecture” comprised of living plants is used to organize the living spaces of the Darke-Zoehrer garden. A sweep of eastern North American native Forthergilla shrubs turns brilliant red-orange in fall. Courtesy of Rick Darke.

Kerry Wilson, habitat outreach manager for the Delaware Nature Society, assures homeowners that regionally native plants can still offer an attractive, organized landscape.

“There is a native plant suitable for everyone,” Wilson said, suggesting options like black-eyed Susans that offer an appealing appearance while providing environmental benefits.

Many native plants offer showy flowers, produce colorful fruits and seeds, and offer brilliant seasonal changes in vibrant colors during early spring, the heat of summer and the cool of autumn.

Experts advise fall is the best season to establish native trees, shrubs and perennials, giving them time to develop strong root systems before the next summer’s heat.

Federal resources and local municipalities in New CastleKent and Sussex counties offer detailed information and guidance to help determine which native trees and plants would thrive best in Delaware’s diverse natural environment.

The native plant bed created by Kent County Master Gardener program member Kathy Doyle in Dover includes, from front to back, brown-eyed Susan, blue false indigo, bee balm, Adam’s needle and “fireworks” goldenrod, to attract and feed bees, butterflies and birds. Provided by Kathy Doyle.

Benefits of native plants and trees

Native plants are better adapted to local conditions, requiring minimal watering and pesticides. They support local wildlife, including native insects and birds, and contribute to biodiversity. Additional benefits include:

  • Low maintenance, once established
  • Minimal water and pesticide needs
  • Promotion of biodiversity and stewardship of the natural environment
  • Reduced carbon emissions from lawn care and increased capture of carbon dioxide by trees like oaks and maples

To help residents identify whether plants and trees in their yards are native to the region, the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control and Division of Fish and Wildlife offers a list of 795 species and varieties of non-native plants that can be found in Delaware.

Caring for lawns during drought

For those not ready to switch entirely to native landscaping, Delaware Livable Lawns offers drought-conscious lawn care tips:

  • Wait until the soil is dried out before watering.
  • Water every 7-10 days.
  • Water slowly over 2-4 hours to avoid runoff.
  • Ensure water penetrates 4-6 inches into the soil.
  • Use timers on sprinklers to prevent over-watering.

For residents interested in transitioning to sustainable, drought-tolerant landscapes, the Delaware Department of Agriculture offers a list of nurseries providing native plants.

A native plant, Joe Pye weed, attracts an Eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly in a pollinator garden. Provided by Sue Barton, University of Delaware.

– By DelawareOnline. You can contact Anitra Johnson at ajohnson@delawareonline.com.